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Colorectal Cancer Screening Tables |
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Colorectal Cancer Screening
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| Burden of Disease |
Mortality1
57,000 Americans die each year from colorectal cancer |
Incidence2
149,000 Americans are diagnosed with colorectal cancer each year |
| Effectiveness |
Efficacy of screening for colorectal cancer in preventing colorectal cancer mortality3
- Efficacy of FOBT is 38%
- Efficacy of sigmoidoscopy is 50%
- Efficacy of colonoscopy is 70% |
| Improvability |
Screening Rates4
19% of US adults (aged 50+) have had a FOBT within the last 2 years
5% of US adults (aged 50+) have had a sigmoidoscopy within the last 5 years
20% of US adults (aged 50+) have had a colonoscopy within the last 10 years |
Guide to Community Preventive Services Recommendations5
Numerous interventions are effective at improving early detection and control of cancer. |
| Cost 6 |
Annual Per Person Medical Cost of Service: $45 |
| Annual Per Person Medical Cost of Savings: $30 |
| Annual Net Costs: $15 |
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% of Service Cost Recovered in Long Run: 67%
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Sources and Footnotes:
1. Surveillance Research Program, National Cancer Institute SEER*Stat software (www.seer.cancer.gov/seerstat) version 6.1.4. Surveillnace, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program (www.seer.cancer.gov) SEER*Stat Database: Mortality - All COD, Public-Use With State, Total U.S. (1969-2002), National Cancer Institute, DCCPS, Surveillance Research Program, Cancer Statistics Branch, released April 2005. Underlying mortality data provided by NCHS (www.cdc.gov/nchs).
2. American Cancer Society, Cancer Facts and Figures 2006. Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2006.
3. Refer to the technical report on colorectal cancer for a fuller discussion of these data and references.
4. NHIS 2003 Sample Adult Core Survey.
5. Guide to Community Preventive Services Website. http://www.thecommunityguide.org/cancer/screening/default.htm
6. Five notes on costs and savings: 1) Costs and savings are expressed in year 2005 dollars. 2) Costs and savings are expressed as the per person cost per year over the recommended age range to facilitate use in estimating long-term budget impact. 3) Costs and savings are not discounted to facilitate use in estimating long-term budget impact. As a result, they are not comparable to estimates that would be used in formal cost-effectiveness analysis. Services that are cost-saving from a budgetary perspective may not be cost-saving in an economic analysis that discounts future events to their present value. 4) Costs and savings reflect non-adherence and the recommended frequency of delivery. Therefore, services with less frequent intervals or with lower adherence would have a lower cost than an otherwise identical service. 5) Costs reflect both initial preventive service costs (such as screening and counseling) and necessary follow-up costs such as diagnostic testing, pharmacotherapy, and intensive interventions for weight loss.
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Mortality
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US Population (All Ages) |
US Population (50 years and older) |
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Total Deaths
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Rate per 100,000
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Total Deaths
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Rate per 100,000
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Both Men and Women
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Total
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56,603
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20.1
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53,163
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69.2
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Race/Ethnicity
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White
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48,434
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22.9
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45,849
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70.9
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Black or African American
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6,863
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19.8
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6,169
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88.1
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American Indian/Alaska Native
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245
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9.9
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221
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52.1
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Asian or Pacific Islander
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1,061
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10.0
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924
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40.8
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Hispanic or Latino
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2,346
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6.6
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2,099
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43.7
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Men Only
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| Total |
28,471
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20.6
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26,560
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76.6
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Race/Ethnicity
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White
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24,416
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23.5
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22,961
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78.3
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Black or African American
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3,343
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20.3
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2,975
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100.4
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American Indian/Alaska Native
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130
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10.5
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118
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59.5
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Asian or Pacific Islander
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582
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11.3
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506
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49.5
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Hispanic or Latino
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1,279
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7.0
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1,142
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52.0
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Women Only
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| Total |
28,132
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19.6
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26,603
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63.1
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| Race/Ethnicity |
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White
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24,018
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22.3
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22,888
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64.7
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Black or African American
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3,520
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19.3
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3,194
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79.1
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American Indian/Alaska Native
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115
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9.3
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103
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45.6
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Asian or Pacific Islander
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479
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8.7
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418
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33.6
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Hispanic or Latino
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1,067
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6.2
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957
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36.7
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Sources:
Surveillance Research Program, National Cancer Institute SEER*Stat software (www.seer.cancer.gov/seerstat) version 6.1.4. Surveillnace, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program (www.seer.cancer.gov) SEER*Stat Database: Mortality – All COD, Public-Use With State, Total U.S. (1969-2002), National Cancer Institute, DCCPS, Surveillance Research Program, Cancer Statistics Branch, released April 2005. Underlying mortality data provided by NCHS (www.cdc.gov/nchs).
US Census Bureau. Population by Age, Sex, Race, and Hispanic or Latino Origin for the United States: 2000 . 2001 Oct 3.
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Mortality by Age and Gender
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Both Men and Women
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Men Only
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Women Only
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Deaths
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Rate per 100,000
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Deaths
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Rate per 100,000
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Deaths
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Rate per 100,000
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50-54 years
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2,775 |
15.8 |
1,587 |
18.4 |
1,188 |
13.2 |
55-59 years
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3,661 |
27.2 |
2,180 |
33.5 |
1,481 |
21.3 |
60-64 Years
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4,686 |
43.4 |
2,831 |
55.1 |
1,855 |
32.7 |
65-69 years
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5,876 |
61.6 |
3,452 |
78.4 |
2,424 |
47.2 |
70-74 years
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7,486 |
84.5 |
4,135 |
105.9 |
3,351 |
67.6 |
75-79 years
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8,829 |
119.0 |
4,555 |
149.6 |
4,274 |
97.8 |
| 80-84 years |
8,704 |
176.0 |
3,982 |
217.0 |
4,722 |
151.8 |
| 85+ years |
11,146 |
262.9 |
3,838 |
312.8 |
7,308 |
242.6 |
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Sources:
Surveillance Research Program, National Cancer Institute SEER*Stat software (www.seer.cancer.gov/seerstat) version 6.1.4. Surveillnace, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program (www.seer.cancer.gov) SEER*Stat Database: Mortality – All COD, Public-Use With State, Total U.S. (1969-2002), National Cancer Institute, DCCPS, Surveillance Research Program, Cancer Statistics Branch, released April 2005. Underlying mortality data provided by NCHS (www.cdc.gov/nchs).
US Census Bureau. Population by Age, Sex, Race, and Hispanic or Latino Origin for the United States: 2000 . 2001 Oct 3.
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Colorectal Cancer Incidence Rates
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| MALES (All ages) |
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| Race/Ethnicity |
Rate per 100,000*
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All Races
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62.1
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White
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61.7
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Black
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72.5
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Asian/Pacific Islander
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56.0
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American Indian/Alaska Native
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36.7
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Hispanic
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48.3
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| FEMALES (All ages) |
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| Race/Ethnicity |
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All Races
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46.0
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White
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45.3
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Black
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56.0
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Asian/Pacific Islander
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39.7
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American Indian/Alaska Native
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32.2
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Hispanic
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32.3
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Source:
http://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/colorect_print.html
* Rates are age-adjusted
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Colorectal Cancer Screening Adults (Ages 50+)
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Population Group
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FOBT within
last 2 years for screening purposes
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Sigmoidoscopy within last 5 years for screening purposes
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Colonoscopy within last 10 years for screening purposes
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| US Population |
18.6%
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4.9%
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19.5%
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| Race/Ethnicity |
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White
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18.7%
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5.1%
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19.9%
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Black or African American
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18.4%
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4.0%
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18.0%
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American Indian or Alaska Native
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15.4%
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4.6%
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10.4%
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Asian or Pacific Islander
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14.3%
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3.6%
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11.7%
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Hispanic or Latino
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12.2%
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2.7%
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13.8%
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| Gender |
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Men
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19.0%
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5.7%
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21.4%
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Women
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18.3%
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4.3%
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17.9%
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| SES/Education Level |
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Less than high school
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13.1%
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2.0%
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13.5%
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High school graduate or equivalent
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17.9%
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4.0%
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18.6%
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At least some college
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21.9%
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6.9%
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23.1%
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Source:
NHIS Sample Adult Core Survey
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